TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA
This article is about the use and knowledge of techniques and research of producing goods and services.
TECHNOLOGY
Technologyis the sum of techniques, skills, methods, and processes used in the production of goods or services or in the accomplishment of objectives, such as scientific investigation. Technology can be the knowledge of techniques, processes, and the like, or it can be embedded in machines to allow for operation without detailed knowledge of their workings. Systems (e.g. machines) applying technology by taking an input, changing it according to the system's use, and then producing an outcome are referred to as technology systems or technological systems.
Technology Development
Technological change (TC) or technological development, is the overall process of invention, innovation and diffusion of technology or processes. ... In short, technological change is based on both better and more technology.
India is aggressively working towards establishing itself as a leader in industrialisation and technological development. Significant developments in the nuclear energy sector are likely as India looks to expand its nuclear capacity. Moreover, nanotechnology is expected to transform India's pharmaceutical industry.
INDIA RANK IN WORLD INTO TECHNOLOGY
India ranks third among the most attractive investment destinations for technology transactions in the world. Dr Harsh Vardhan, Union Minister of Department of Science and Technology, has reiterated that technology is a strong priority area for the Government, and it aims to make people science centric. Modern India has had a strong focus on science and technology, realising that it is a key element for economic growth. India is among the topmost countries in the world in the field of scientific research, positioned as one of the top five nations in the field for space exploration.
INDIA MARKET SIZE
India ranked 6 on scientific publications and 10 on patents, which included only resident applications.
India ranked 52 in Global Innovation Index (GII) – 2019. It ranked 50 in gross expenditure on R&D segment with 0.6 per cent of GDP spending.
The Government is extensively promoting research parks technology business incubators (TBIs) and (RPs), which would promote the innovative ideas till they become commercial ventures. India is world’s third largest technology start-up hub with incorporation of 1,000 new companies in 2017.
The engineering R&D and product development market in India is forecast to grow at a CAGR of 10.65 per cent to reach US$ 42 billion by FY22 from US$ 31 billion in FY19. By 2022, R&D expenditure is targeted to reach at least 2 per cent of the country’s GDP.
Developments/Investments:
With support from the Government, considerable investment and development has incurred in different sectors such as agriculture, healthcare, space research, and nuclear power through scientific research. For instance, India is gradually becoming self-reliant in nuclear technology.
Recent developments
Some of the recent developments in the field of science and technology in India are as follows:
- India Space Research Organisation (ISRO) launched space technology incubation centre in Tripura, Agartala. ISRO has planned 36 missions including satellites and launch vehicles in FY21.
- India's space business will witness tremendous growth in the next five years on the back of technology advancement, global space business opportunity and a sharp rise in ISRO’s satellite launch capabilities.
The Union Budget 2020-21
- Under the Union Budget 2020-21, the Government announced the largest ever allocation of Rs 6,302 crore (US$ 901.70 million) to the Ministry of Science and Technology. It has also allocated Rs 2,787 crore (US$ 398.77 million) to the Department of Biotechnology and Rs 5,385 crore (US$ 770.50 million) to the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research.
Achievements
Following are the achievements of the Government in the past four years:
- The first national state-of-the-art cGMP facility for production of herbal preparations was established in CSIR-IIIM. It has a production capacity of 30,000 tablets and capsules per hour and 500 litres of liquid per batch.
- DBT launched the DBT-BUILDER (Boost to University Interdisciplinary Departments of Life Sciences for Education and Research) scheme to boost advanced education and promotion of interdisciplinary research and technology development.
- The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) launched 30 skill/training programmes in the areas of leather processing, paints and coatings, electroplating and metal finishing, industrial maintenance engineering, bioinformatics, mechatronics, andglass beaded jewellery among others.
Note: Conversion rate used in April 2020, Rs 1 = US$ 0.013123
References – Media reports, Press Releases, Press Information Bureau (PIB), Union Budget 2019-20
Disclaimer: This information has been collected through secondary research and IBEF is not responsible for any errors in the same.
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